Framsticks: Evolved running, swimming, and ski-jumping
نویسندگان
چکیده
1. The first, introductory part is a one-minute sequence showing a simulation of Foraminifera – single-celled eukaryotes that occupy marine benthic and pelagic zones from polar to tropic areas. These organisms have an extraordinary fossil record since Cambrian (about 540 million years ago), which makes them an ideal model organism and a microfossil often used for paleoreconstructions and testing general evolutionary hypotheses. In the simulation, morphologies of Foraminifera result from the interpretation of genes and from the process of ontogenesis [4]. This process is able to produce shells with spiral, uniserial, biserial and other morphologies.
منابع مشابه
Evolving free - form stick ski jumpers and their neural control systems ∗
This paper concerns evolution of three-dimensional stick agents in a simplified ski-jumping task. Both body morphologies and control systems are optimized. Evolutionary processes are performed in a range of conditions: the air drag and the friction of the ramp varies. Qualitative and quantitative analyses are presented that show how jump distance, jump height, and flight trajectory depend on en...
متن کاملParallel computing in Framsticks
This report demonstrates how parallel computation can be implemented in the Framsticks environment. A number of possible multi-threaded and distributed architectures and configurations is shown. The main part of this report discusses and explains two experiment definitions (prime-mt and standard-mt) that exploit multi-threading. These experiment definitions are included in the official Framstic...
متن کاملIs It Still Important to Be Light in Ski Jumping?
In ski jumping low body weight development resulted in some serious underweight problems and therefore International Ski Federation (FIS) decided to solve the problem by relating maximum ski length to Body Mass Index (BMI). The present study examined the current relationship between body weight (BMI), ski length and performance (jumping distance) in ski jumping. The computer simulation showed t...
متن کاملNordic ski jumping fatalities in the United States: a 50-year summary.
Nordic ski-jumping fatalities are rare events. Six jumping fatalities have occurred in the United States during the past 50 years. The fatality rate for nordic ski jumping, estimated to be roughly 12 fatalities/100,000 participants annually, appears to be within the range of fatality rates for other "risky" outdoor sports. Cervical fractures appear to be the most frequent fatal ski-jumping injury.
متن کاملThe physics of ski jumping
The Olympian ideal of going faster, jumping further and leaping higher than the opposition is central to competitive sports. Winning or losing in sport is related to a number of factors, and biomechanics, anthropometrics, and aerodynamics play a major role in many sports. This lecture focuses on ski jumping. Performance in ski jumping is determined not only by the motor abilities of the athlete...
متن کامل